LECTURE FOURTEEN

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM = HEART + BLOOD VESSELS LYMPHATIC SYSTEM = LYMPH VESSELS + LYMPH NODES



HEART

ARTERIES

   AORTA

   ARTERIES

ARTERIOLES

CAPILLARIES

VENULES

VEINS

    VENAE CAVAE
    ANTERIOR VENA CAVA
    POSTERIOR VENA CAVA

HEART

RIGHT ATRIUM

TRICUSPID VALVE

RIGHT VENTRICLE

SEMILUNAR VALVE

PULMONARY ARTERY

LUNGS

PULMONARY VEIN

LEFT ATRIUM

BICUSPID VALVE

LEFT VENTRICLE

SEMILUNAR VALVE

AORTA




CORONARY ARTERY AND CORONARY VEIN




SYSTOLE IS CONTRACTION OF A HEART CHAMBER
DIASTOLE IS RELAXATION OF A HEART CHAMBER




SINO-ATRIAL NODE ON THE RIGHT ATRIUM,
MADE OF PURKINJE FIBERS

ATRIO-VENTRICULAR NODE BETWEEN THE ATRIA

NERVES AFFECT THE RATE OF CONTRACTION AND
THE VOLUME OF BLOOD PUMPED PER CONTRACTION
BUT DO NOT INITIATE THE CONTRACTIONS AS SUCH

INTRINSIC CONTROL AND EXTRINSIC CONTROL

ALL STIMULI FOR THE CONTROL OF THE HEART ARE
PROCESSED IN THE VASOMOTOR CENTER IN THE
MEDULLA OF THE BRAIN




BLOOD PRESSURE IS REPORTED AS
SYSTOLIC PRESSURE / DIASTOLIC PRESSURE

AVERAGE OF THE TWO VALUES SHOULD BE
APPROXIMATELY 100




LYMPH IS FORMED IN THE CAPILLARY BEDS

LYMPH VESSELS ARE SIMILAR TO VEINS




FETAL HEMOGLOBIN BINDS OXYGEN MORE TIGHTLY
THAN ADULT HEMOGLOBIN




TWO UMBILICAL ARTERIES CARRY BLOOD FROM THE
FETUS TO THE PLACENTA
ONE UMBILICAL VEIN CARRIES BLOOD FROM THE
PLACENTA TO THE FETUS




THE FORAMEN OVALE IS BETWEEN THE RIGHT ATRIUM
AND LEFT ATRIUM
THE DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS IS BETWEEN THE PULMONARY
ARTERY AND THE AORTA




THE TOTAL VOLUME OF BLOOD IN AN ADULT HUMAN
IS ABOUT 5 LITERS

VOLUME PUMPED X NORMAL HEART = TOTAL VOLUME
  PER BEAT        BEAT RATE        PUMPED
70 mL / BEAT  X 72 BEATS / MIN = 5040 mL/MIN